Cucurbituril-based anion-conducting membranes with supramolecular nanopores

Lagadec, M. F. & Grimaud, A. Water electrolysers with closed and open electrochemical systems. Nat. Mater. 19 , 1140–1150 (2020). Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Jiao, K. et al. Designing the next generation of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells. Nature 595 , 361–369 (2021). Article ADS CAS PubMed Google Scholar Zhu, P. et al. Continuous carbon capture in an electrochemical solid-electrolyte reactor. Nature 618 , 959–966 (2023). Article ADS CAS PubMed Google Scholar Xia, C., Xia, Y., Zhu, P., Fan, L. & Wang, H. Direct electrosynthesis of pure aqueous H 2 O 2 solutions up to 20% by weight using a solid electrolyte. Science 366 , 226–231 (2019). Article ADS CAS PubMed Google Scholar Wang, A. et al. Selective ion transport through hydrated micropores in polymer membranes. Nature 635 , 353–358 (2024). Article ADS CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Uliana, A. A. et al. Ion-capture electrodialysis using multifunctional adsorptive membranes. Science 372 , 296–299 (2021). Article ADS CAS PubMed Google Scholar Lu, J. et al. Efficient metal ion sieving in rectifying subnanochannels enabled by metal–organic frameworks. Nat. Mater. 19 , 767–774 (2020). Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar He, X. et al. De novo design of covalent organic framework membranes toward ultrafast anion transport. Adv. Mater. 32 , 2001284 (2020). Article CAS Google Scholar Zuo, P. et al. Ion exchange membranes: constructing and tuning ion transport channels. Adv. Funct. Mater. 32 , 2207366 (2022). …