Electrocaloric effects across room temperature in multilayer capacitors

Samples The active area of MLC1 of 85PST–15PMW was used for STEM. MLC1 of 85PST–15PMW and MLC1 of 90PST–10PMW were used for indirect EC measurements from which efficiency was evaluated and for direct measurements of EC temperature change that were converted to effective temperature change. MLC2 of 85PST–15PMW and MLC2 of 90PST–10PMW were crushed to form powders for XRD. MLC2 of 85PST–15PMW and MLC2 of 90PST–10PMW were used for zero-field calorimetry and direct measurements of EC heat. …