How much of the scientific literature is generated by AI?

Research papers are increasingly being written by artificial intelligence. Credit: Yagi Studio/Getty How much of the scientific literature is generated by AI? The first studies of the size of the AI footprint in scientific journals , preprint repositories and peer-review reports give a spread of answers — and indicate a rapidly evolving situation that it is difficult to get a handle on. The fear of many in the research community is that poor-quality or entirely fabricated research produced by large language models (LLMs) could overwhelm the ability of current quality-control systems to detect it, thereby polluting the scientific canon. “The ground is shifting underneath us in ways that we are totally unprepared for,” says Maria Antoniak, a computer scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder. “We live in an escalating arms race” between people using AI unscrupulously and those who are trying to constrain or detect it, says Richard She, a stem-cell biologist at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore. Source: ref 1. AI detectors Concerns about the extent of AI-generated content in the scientific literature mirror broader online trends. At the end of March, the number of articles on the Internet written by AI was estimated to outnumber those written by humans, according to an analysis of 55,000 webpages shared with Nature by the private firm Graphite in San Francisco, California. …